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97 Things Every Software Architect Should Know: Collective Wisdom from the Experts

97 Things Every Software Architect Should Know: Collective Wisdom from the Experts

byRichard Monson-Haefel
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From Canada

Sujit Jagdev
4.0 out of 5 stars Good easy read, full of good advice
Reviewed in Canada 🇨🇦 on September 19, 2009
The book is filled with good advice given in short chapters.
This makes it not only easy to read,but one can literally jump to any part of the book.

The context offered is from architects with real experience.
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Amazon Customer
3.0 out of 5 stars Good list of reminders, but won't teach you the details
Reviewed in Canada 🇨🇦 on July 22, 2009
If your looking for something that's going to teach you what a software architect needs to know, and you're just stepping into that role, this book isn't going to show you the nitty-gritty details of what you need. For that I would recommend something like  Software Architecture in Practice . Instead, it's a collection of advice from experienced architects who are trying to summarize some key point into 2 pages.

Interesting reading if you are already in the architect role and want a reminder of those things you should be doing, but you'll need to know the details behind the advice to really make use of it. Worthwhile if that's what you're looking for.
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Nicholas Roeder
2.0 out of 5 stars Motherhood and Apple Pie
Reviewed in Canada 🇨🇦 on May 11, 2009
I found this book to be generally a disappointment. If you are looking for any in-depth treatment of any content on software architecture, you won't find it here. To be fair, one could probably guess that from the title and the length of the book.

The format of the book is such that each entry takes up 2 pages. However, most entries only need close to 1 page, so much of the book is white space. On the plus side, it's very small and light to take with you on the bus.

If you like reading blog entries that are mostly opinion pieces about the topics around software architecture (including personal communication, teamwork, business challenges, etc.), this might be a really good fit for you. I found that too much of the content is simply common sense.

Of course, our industry isn't the best at always applying common sense, so perhaps some people might find this useful as a gift to their coworkers. I would choose to apply my personal time and money elsewhere.
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From other countries

Erik Gfesser
4.0 out of 5 stars 97 things by 53 architects
Reviewed in the United States 🇺🇸 on March 29, 2009
Verified Purchase
There must be something not insignificant about the number "97", as a search for "97 things" retrieves multiple results here, and the follow-up books planned for this series (on project management, etc) have not yet been published. Quite honestly, this reviewer initially had low expectations for this book for various reasons, the least significant reason being the title. One related reason was use of the term "software architect", because this reviewer has both heard and read countless arguments on what "architect" actually means in this space. While some of the authors here allude to the definition of "architect", the one place the reader should probably expect an explanation on this matter is within an introductory chapter or preface. The preface, however, simply indicates that "software architects occupy a unique space in the world of IT. They are expected to know the technologies and software platforms on which their organizations run as well as the business that they serve...a great software architect needs to master both sides of the architect's coin: business and technology". But this statement does not even attempt to define architect. Instead, after reading this book the reader will likely leave with an understanding of a broad range of architect responsibilities communicated by dozens of different architects with varying levels of experience across numerous business industries. In the mind of this reviewer, this aspect might be one of the greatest strengths of this book because even though the 53 authors will probably generally agree on the definition of "architect", the degree to which their thoughts subtly differ on this aspect somewhat reflects what one will find in the workplace, especially when working as a consultant. The formula for this book just works. Some of the entries are admittedly rather light, but some of the entries reflect how much can be communicated in such a brief amount of space (all entries are limited to 2 pages in length). Some entries are probably more suited to software developers than architects, but it is a often a common expectation amongst software professionals that architects have a software development background, so some of this overlap is natural. A cursory review of the table of contents reveals the broad scope of topics presented by the authors, most of whom will probably not be recognized by the average reader. Some of this reviewer's favorite entries include: "Simplify Essential Complexity; Diminish Accidental Complexity", "Chances Are, Your Biggest Problem Isn't Technical", "Simplicity Before Generality, Use Before Reuse", "Architectural Tradeoffs", "Programming Is an Act of Design", "Context is King", "Learn from Architects of Buildings", "Challenge Assumptions - Especially Your Own", "Focus on Application Support and Maintenance", "Shortcuts Now Are Paid Back with Interest Later", "Pay Down Your Technical Debt", "Build Systems to Be Zuhanden", and "You Can't Future-Proof Solutions". This reviewer would like to see some of these entries spin-off into books of their own. By far "Pay Down Your Technical Debt" is the most creative of the lot and could be greatly expanded upon in a title such as that in risk management. Here is an exerpt: "So why the concern over making changes properly now versus later? It's because there's a hidden cost to making these quick and dirty fixes. For financial debts the hidden cost is called 'interest', and most anyone with a credit card knows how expensive just paying the interest on a debt can be. For technical debt, interest takes the form of instability in the system, and increased maintenance costs due to the hacked-in changes and lack of proper design, documentation, and/or tests. And, like financial interest, regular payments must be made until the original debt is repaid". Another reviewer for this book indicated that much of the material provided here is "common knowledge" (see my reply comment to reviewer "nobody"). As a consultant with a fair amount of project leadership, architecture, and development experience, this reviewer has found that this is certainly not the case. Well recommended especially for aspiring architects, although the conspicuous lack of explicit discussion on business and architectural qualities here is a bit of a drawback, so this reviewer refers the reader to "Software Architecture in Practice: 2nd Edition (SEI Series in Software Engineering)" by Len Bass, Paul Clements, and Rick Kazman (see my review for this book). Check out the 97-things wiki; the content of this book is free, and 38 additional entries that were not accepted for publication are also provided.
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Wurstsemmel
4.0 out of 5 stars Kein Lehrbuch und nichts für Einsteiger
Reviewed in Germany 🇩🇪 on April 21, 2014
Verified Purchase
Dieses Buch hält, was es verspricht. Es liefert die Gedanken und Ratschläge von erfahrenen Software-Architekten. Alle haben durchweg in verschiedenen Positionen in zahlreichen Unternehmen gearbeitet -- zum Teil mit bekannten Namen. Manch ein Leser wird die Namen der Autoren auch schon woanders gefunden haben.

Die Produktbeschreibung greift den Text des Vorwortes auf und nennt die Titel einiger Beiträge. Man kann leicht erkennen, dass es sich nicht um ein Lehrbuch handelt, dass Begriffe erklärt, Methoden beschreibt, oder in anderer Form strukturiert Kenntnisse beim Leser aufbaut. Nein. Es lohnt sich sehr die Amazon-Buchvorschau zu nutzen und das Vorwort ganz zu lesen -- nur eine Seite lang. Außerdem sind einige Beiträge vollständig zu lesen.

Ich würde das Buch als eine kleine Plauderrunde verstehen. Ein paar Architekten treffen sich nach einer Konferenz auf einige Bier und reden über ihre Erfahrungen. Aus diesen Erfahrungen ergeben sich Ratschläge, worauf man achten kann, und welche Fragen man sich in der Position des Software-Architekten stellen kann. Danach geben sie die Antworten, die sich bei ihrer Arbeit als am hilfreichsten erwiesen haben. Das sind kurze Statements ohne wissenschaftlichen Nachweis. Gedacht, um das Denken über diese Fragen anzuregen.

Man sollte Erfahrung im Beruf der angestrebten Zielgruppe haben, um die Bemerkungen einordnen zu können. Nicht jeder Ratschlag wird sich eins-zu-eins im eigenen Berufsalltag umsetzen lassen. Das muss man erkennen. Aber die kurzen Artikel sind hervorragend geeignet um in einer Pause mal zu hören, was nebenan so läuft. Danach ist man informiert, aber nicht geschult. Das ist die Absicht des Buches, die es ganz ehrlich zu erkennen gibt.

Vor der Zeit des Internet hätte man diese Form vielleicht als Brief-Sammlung veröffentlicht. In dieser Form vermisst man allerdings eine thematische Gliederung. Man kann sich allerdings auf das Sachwortregister stützen, um die für den Leser interessantesten Stellen herauszupicken. Wegen dieser Einschränkung habe ich einen Stern abgezogen.

Rundherum finde ich in dem Buch nützliche Hinweise, die in einem ansprechenden Layout dargeboten werden. Alle Autoren werden vorgestellt, sodass man das Gewicht der jeweiligen Aussage einschätzen kann. Es ist keine vollständige und abschließende Abhandlung zum Beruf des Software-Architekten und will es auch nicht sein. Darum kann ich die ausgeprägte Unzufriedenheit anderer Leser nicht nachvollziehen. Dort erscheint mir die falsche Erwartung vorgelegen zu haben. Ich kann es klar empfehlen.
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Alex Ireland
5.0 out of 5 stars Good checklist for any software architect
Reviewed in the United Kingdom 🇬🇧 on May 8, 2012
Verified Purchase
You can't judge a book by its cover but you can certainly ask questions about its title. Why '97 things every Software Architect should know'? Why not 98, 99 or even 100? Well the word on infoq ([....]) is that they wanted a number near 100 so that there would be enough material for a reasonably sized book. Fair enough so... The book contains 97 articles published by a range of software professional expressing their views on various aspects of software architecture. Many of the articles are not very technical in nature and there are - perhaps - a lot of similarities between this book and '12 Essential Skills for Software Architects' where author Dave Hendricksen focusses on non-technical skills essential to be a succseful architect. Other articles probably aren't just things an Architect should know but really things anyone working in Software Engineering could benefit from knowing and thinking about. I even include Project Managers in that!

That said, there are some really enjoyable bits and pieces. My favourite parts:
* Keith Braithwaite's reminding of the architect's need to quantify things. Characteristics such as average response
time should be not be phrased using terms such as 'good' or 'satifactory' but quantified as something like:
'between 750ms and 1,250ms'

* Craig Russell's points about including the human interaction time in any performance analysis. The system
may respond very fast to API calls, but the if the UI is counter-intuitive, it means the user will spend a longer time try to
get his result.

* Michael Nygard advice for engineering the 'white spaces'. Don't just have arrows between components specifying the
communication protocol, describe the performance expectation of interaction e.g. 100 requests per second, response time
250ms 99% of time. Describe how the system will handle overload, bad response times, unavailability etc.

* Mark Richards classification of architectural patterns:
- Enterprise Architecture Patterns: EDA, SOA, ROA, Pipeline architecture
- Application Architecture: Session Facade, Transfer Object
- Integration Patterns: File sharing, RPC, Messaging
- Design Patterns: GoF

* Gregor Hohpe arguments about the 'predictive call-stack architecture' becoming a thing of the past.
In massive distributed systems, it's not so easy to define the order things happen in. Architectures now have
to be able to respond to event in any time order.

* Bill de hOra discussion of inevitable tradeoffs using Brewer's conjecture (CAP) as example.

* Dave Anderson's arguments for the inevitabitly of legacy and preparing your system for maintenance.

So plenty of good advise in a short book that never gets too technical. The role of the architect is not just to be understanding complicated problems but to stand back and look at the big picture, checking for gaps and to ensure the right actions are taken to ensure project success. This means it's not really just about things a software architect should know, but about things a software architect should ensure they do not forget.
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Joe Lynch
3.0 out of 5 stars Uneven
Reviewed in the United States 🇺🇸 on July 12, 2022
Verified Purchase
Some items have non-trivial insights. But most are very basic basic observations. Part of it is due to the format of being limited to 2 pages per entry. Part of it is the limitation of coherency/quality when you have so many disparate authors. I do think that a better editorial process could have yielded a more insightful set of observations. I think the format itself caps things at a 4 but the uneven insight takes me to a 3.
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ac in DC
4.0 out of 5 stars 97 Valuable Discussion Points
Reviewed in the United States 🇺🇸 on January 12, 2010
Verified Purchase
If you buy this book expecting 97 in depth dissertations on software architecture & design, you will be disappointed. It is instead, a collection of observations on the relationships between business, people and technology. This is not a tome that one sits down and reads in a day, acquiring all of the knowledge of the collected contributors in that instant. It is instead a book, which is best read a chapter or two at a time, and discussed amongst your colleagues. Some lessons you will be able to implement immediately, some will not be of value to you ever. Many deal with issues that (as one would expect) will help to make your life easier if implemented in the planning stages of a project. The only thing I would change so far would be to change "Your Customer Is Not Your Customer" to "Your Customer Is Not Your Only Customer" or "Everyone Is A Customer".

I give it 4 stars instead of 5 because as others have noted, it is very lightweight. I do feel that this book would be suitable for most folks in technology to read, not limited to software architects. I would have no hesitation recommending this book to everyone from a Junior Systems Administrator or Project Manager all the way to a Director Of Technology.
17 people found this helpful
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G. Dickens
4.0 out of 5 stars Quick Gems and Reminders
Reviewed in the United States 🇺🇸 on April 1, 2009
Verified Purchase
If you are in software development or architecture you will most likely get a few quick knowledge gems from this. If you are a seasoned architect, you might get a few quick reminders.

The key here is quick. None of the "articles" are more than 2 pages long. This book is interesting in that it is 97 small articles which provides for a quick read. With the vast amount of technical books that I purchase (and mostly read) I liked the fact that I could get through this book in a reasonable amount of time and pickup some gems or reminders.

I read this from the beginning and basically read the title and the last 1 or 2 paragraphs of each article. If I found the article's summary intriguing I would invest in the entire article.

Some of the articles seem a bit contradictory but you should read the ones that make sense and disregard the rest. So was it worth the price? I believe so. Remember even the smallest amount of eduction/enlightenment is valuable.
6 people found this helpful
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Ajay Mahajan
4.0 out of 5 stars excellent paragraphs of wisdom and experience
Reviewed in the United States 🇺🇸 on November 27, 2010
Verified Purchase
Being architect by profession, I am immensely benefitted with this book. It doesnt talk about any particular technology or methodology (which is good), but instead focusses on best practices and words of wisdom from the practioners in the field. I was able to relate to and appreciate all the notes I have read so far. Some of the points addressed, kept lingering in our minds since long time, and when you read about it here in this book, it helps to validate our stand on such matters.

I would highly recommend it to all the budding and practising architects in the field. Also, unlike books on technology, words of wisdom and experience rarely get outdated, so expect it to hold value through years to come.
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